TPS60230 www.ti.com SLVS516A–MAY2004–REVISEDJUNE2004 WHITE LED CHARGE PUMP CURRENT SOURCE WITH PWM BRIGHTNESS CONTROL FEATURES DESCRIPTION • RegulatedOutputCurrentWith0.4% The TPS60230 charge pump is optimized for white Matching LED supplies in backlit color display applications. The • Drivesupto5LEDsat25mAEach device provides a constant current, set by an external resistor, for each LED. The supply voltage ranges • LEDBrightnessControlThroughPWM from 2.7 V to 6.5 V and is ideally suited for all ControlSignal applications powered by a single LI-Ion battery cell or • HighEfficiencybyFractionalConversion three to four NiCd, NiMH, or Alkaline battery cells. With1xand1.5xModes The TPS60230 provides up to 25 mA per LED, for a • 1MHzSwitchingFrequency total of 125 mA, for input voltages ranging from 3.1 V to 6.5 V. High efficiency is achieved by utilizing a • 2.7Vto6.5VOperatingInputVoltageRange 1x/1.5x fractional conversion technique in combi- • InternalSoftstartLimitsInrushCurrent nation with very low dropout current sources. Ad- • LowInputRippleandLowEMI ditionally, the current controlled charge pump ensures low input current ripple and EMI. Only two external 1 • OvercurrentandOvertemperatureProtected µF and two 0.47 µF capacitors are required to build a • UndervoltageLockoutWithHysteresis complete small and low cost power supply solution. • Ultra-Small3mmx3mmQFNPackage The TP60230 switches at 1 MHz operating frequency and is available in a small 16-pin QFN (RGT) APPLICATIONS packagetokeepboardspacetoaminimum. • WhiteLEDBacklightforColorDisplaysin CellularPhones,SmartPhones,PDAs, VIN VOUT 1 (cid:1)F HandheldPCs,DigitalCameras, VINt o= 26..75 VV 0.47 (cid:1)F C1+ D1 andCamcorders D2 C1− • KeyBacklight D3 C2+ 0.47 (cid:1)F D4 C2− D5 1 (cid:1)F EN1 EN2 ISET GND PGND Pleasebeawarethatanimportantnoticeconcerningavailability,standardwarranty,anduseincriticalapplicationsofTexas Instrumentssemiconductorproductsanddisclaimerstheretoappearsattheendofthisdatasheet. PRODUCTIONDATAinformationiscurrentasofpublicationdate. Copyright©2004,TexasInstrumentsIncorporated Products conform to specifications per the terms of the Texas Instruments standard warranty. Production processing does not necessarilyincludetestingofallparameters.

TPS60230 www.ti.com SLVS516A–MAY2004–REVISEDJUNE2004 This integrated circuit can be damaged by ESD. Texas Instruments recommends that all integrated circuits be handled with appropriate precautions. Failure to observe proper handling and installation procedurescancausedamage. ESD damage can range from subtle performance degradation to complete device failure. Precision integrated circuits may be more susceptible to damage because very small parametric changes could causethedevicenottomeetitspublishedspecifications. ORDERINGINFORMATION PACKAGEDDEVICE(1)(2) PACKAGE MARKING TPS60230RGTR QFN BIZ (1) Tindicatesshipmentintapeandreelonaminireelwith250units perreel. (2) Rindicatesshipmentintapeandreelwith3000unitsperreel. ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS overoperatingfree-airtemperaturerange(unlessotherwisenoted)(1) UNIT V Supplyvoltage –0.3Vto7V I VoltageatEN1,EN2,VOUT,ISET –0.3VtoV I OutputcurrentatVOUT 200mA T Maximumjunctiontemperature 150°C J T Operatingfree-airtemperature –40°Cto85°C A T Storagetemperature –65°Cto150°C st Leadtemperature1,6mm(1/16inch)fromcasefor10seconds 300°C (1) Stressesbeyondthoselistedunder"absolutemaximumratings"maycausepermanentdamagetothedevice.Thesearestressratings only,andfunctionaloperationofthedeviceattheseoranyotherconditionsbeyondthoseindicatedunder"recommendedoperating conditions"isnotimplied.Exposuretoabsolute-maximum-ratedconditionsforextendedperiodsmayaffectdevicereliability. DISSIPATION RATINGS(1) T £ 25°C DERATINGFACTOR T =70°C T =85°C PACKAGE A A A POWERRATING ABOVET =25°C POWERRATING POWERRATING A 16-PinQFN(RGT) 1.9W 20mW/°C 1W 760mW (1) ThethermalresistancejunctiontoambientoftheQFNpackageis52°C/W. RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT SupplyvoltageatVIN 2.7 6.5 V MaximumoutputcurrentatVOUT 125 mA C Inputcapacitor 1 µF i C Outputcapacitor 0.47 1 µF o Flyingcapacitor,C1,C2 0.22 0.47 µF Operatingjunctiontemperature -40 125 °C 2

TPS60230 www.ti.com SLVS516A–MAY2004–REVISEDJUNE2004 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS V =3.6V,EN1=EN2=V,T =-40°Cto85°C(unlessotherwisenoted) I I A PARAMETER TESTCONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT SUPPLYVOLTAGEANDCURRENT V Inputvoltagerange I =0mAto75mA 2.7 6.5 V I O V =4.2V,x1-mode,EN1=EN2=1,ISET=20µA 200 µA I I Operatingquiescentcurrent Q I =0mA,x1.5-mode 2.1 mA O I Shutdowncurrent EN2=EN1=GND 0.1 1 µA SD CHARGEPUMPSTAGE V Overvoltagelimit LED1unconnected,V =4.2V 5.5 V OUT I Startuptime C =1µF,I ‡ 0.9I ,set 375 µs O DX DX Softstartduration 160 µs f Switchingfrequency 0.75 1 1.25 MHz h Efficiency V =3.7V,I =15mAeach,V =3.1V 83% I LED DX Shutdowntemperature Temperaturerising 160 °C Shutdowntemperaturehysteresis 20 °C Inputcurrentlimit EN2=EN1=1,ISET=100µA 350 mA CURRENTSINKS Recommendedmaximumcurrentpercur- 3.2V£ V£ 6.5V 25 mA I I Dx rentsink I CurrentintoeachcurrentsinkwhenIsetis 3.0V£ V£ 6.5V,ISETshortedtoGND 50 mA Dx shortedtoGND I Currentmatchingbetweenanytwooutputs V =3.1V,T =25°C –2% 0.4% 2% Dx A 3.2V£ V£ 6.5V,V =3.1V,EN1=EN2=1, ±3% Lineregulation I Dx ISET=80µA EN2=0,EN1=1 200 V Referencevoltageforcurrentset EN2=1,EN1=0 400 mV ISET EN2=1,EN1=1 580 600 620 Iset RecommendedISETpincurrentrange 4 130 µA k I toIsetcurrentratio EN2=EN1=1,ISET=80µA 230 260 280 Dx EN2=0,EN1=1 200 V VoltageatDxtoGND EN2=1,EN1=0 300 mV source EN2=1,EN1=1 400 ENABLE1,ENABLE2 V EN1,EN2highlevelinputvoltage 1.3 V IH V EN1,EN2lowlevelinputvoltage 0.3 V IL EN1,EN2trippointhysteresis 50 mV I EN2inputleakagecurrent EN1,EN2=GNDorEN2=V,V =6.5V 0.01 1 µA IKG I I I EN1inputcurrent EN1=V,V =4.2V 11 15 µA I I I V Undervoltagelockoutthreshold Inputvoltagefalling 2.1 V (UVLO) Undervoltagelockouthysteresis 50 mV FrequencyrangeatPWM 0 50 kHz RecommendedON-timeforPWMsignal 2.5 µs DelaytimewhenEN1=EN2gotoGNDafterwhich Shutdowndelaytime 0.5 0.85 1.5 ms theTPS60230shutsdowncompletely 3

TPS60230 www.ti.com SLVS516A–MAY2004–REVISEDJUNE2004 PIN ASSIGNMENT QFN PACKAGE (TOP VIEW) − − + + 2 1 1 2 C C C C 12 11 10 9 13 VIN VOUT 8 14 GND PGND 7 15 EN1 D1 6 16 EN2 D2 5 1 2 3 4 T 5 4 3 E D D D S I TerminalFunctions TERMINAL I/O DESCRIPTION NAME NO. C1+ 10 – ConnecttotheflyingcapacitorC1 C1– 11 – ConnecttotheflyingcapacitorC1 C2+ 9 – ConnecttotheflyingcapacitorC2 C2– 12 – ConnecttotheflyingcapacitorC2 D1-D5 6-2 I Currentsinkinput.ConnectthecathodeofthewhiteLEDstotheseinputs. Enableinput.Alogichighenablestheconverter,logiclowforcesthedeviceintoshutdownmodereducingthe EN1 15 I supplycurrenttolessthan1µAifEN2istiedtoGND. AnappliedPWMsignalreducestheLEDcurrentasafunctionofthedutycycleofthePWMsignal.EN1andEN2 canbetiedtogetherforPWMdimmingbetween0mAandthemaximumsetwithISET.EN1andEN2canalsobe EN2 16 I usedfordigitaldimmingwith4stepsfrom0mAtothemaximumcurrentsetwithISET.Seetheapplicationsection formoredetails. GND 14 – Analogground ISET 1 I ConnectaresistorbetweenthispinandGNDtosetthemaximumcurrentthroughtheLEDs. PGND 7 – Powerground,connectwithanalogground(GND) VIN 13 I Supplyvoltageinput VOUT 8 0 ConnecttheoutputcapacitorandtheanodeoftheLEDstothispin. Power – – ConnectwithPGNDandGND PAD 4

TPS60230 www.ti.com SLVS516A–MAY2004–REVISEDJUNE2004 FUNCTIONALBLOCKDIAGRAM 1 (cid:1)F VOUT C1+ D5 0.47 (cid:1)F D4 C1− Current D3 Sinks C2+ Charge D2 Pump 0.47 (cid:1)F D1 C2− VIN 1 (cid:1)F Reference Control ISET EN1 EN2 RSET PGND GND TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS Table of Graphs FIGURE vsInputvoltage(I =25mA,15mA,10mAperLED),EN2=0, LED 1 EN1=1,Showhysteresis(risingandfallingV),V =3.1V I LED h Efficiency vsInputvoltage(ILED=25mA,15mA,10mAperLED),EN2=1, 2 EN1=0,Showhysteresis(risingandfallingV),V =3.1V I LED vsInputvoltage(I =25mA,15mA,10mAperLED), 3 LED EN2=EN1=1,Showhysteresis(risingandfallingV),V =3.1V I LED I Noloadquiescentcurrent vsInputvoltage(T =–40°C,25°C,85°C)(measuredwithI =5mA) 4 Q A D1 Maximumoutputcurrentfromchargepumpstage vsInputvoltage 5 f Switchingfrequency vsFree-AirTemperature(T =-40°Cto85°C,V =3.6V) 6 s A I vsDutycycleonPWM(I maxsetto20mA) 7 LEDcurrent,I LED LED Forf=32kHzandf=1kHz,DC=1%to100%,V =3.6V I V andI vstimeonscope,ShowLEDcurrentatD1with 8 Linetransientresponse I D1 V =4.2Vto3.6Vto4.2VwithEN2=EN1=11,5x20mA I ShowPWMsignalandcurrentatD1vstimeonscope 9 f=32kHz,V =3.6V,dutycycle=50%,EN1=EN2=PWM I Dimmingresponse ShowPWMsignalandcurrentatD1vstimeonscope 10 f=1kHz,V =3.6V,dutycycle=50%,EN1=EN2=PWM I Startuptiming V =3.6V,5x20mA,EN1=EN2=00changedtoEN2=EN1=11 11 I 5

TPS60230 www.ti.com SLVS516A–MAY2004–REVISEDJUNE2004 EFFICIENCY EFFICIENCY vs vs INPUTVOLTAGE INPUTVOLTAGE 100 90 ILED = 25 mA 90 ILED = 25 mA 80 80 ILED = 15 mA 70 ILED = 15 mA 70 % % 60 cy − 60 cy − 50 ILED = 10 mA n n cie 50 ILED = 10 mA cie Effi 40 Effi 40 30 30 20 20 10 10 0 0 2.7 3.1 3.5 3.9 4.3 4.7 5.1 5.5 5.9 6.36.5 2.7 3.1 3.5 3.9 4.3 4.7 5.1 5.5 5.9 6.36.5 VI − Input Voltage − V VI − Input Voltage − V Figure1. Figure2. EFFICIENCY QUIESCENTCURRENT vs vs INPUTVOLTAGE INPUTVOLTAGE 90 3 ILED = 25 mA 2.8 80 2.6 ILED = 15 mA 2.4 70 A m 2.2 % 60 nt − 2 TA = 25(cid:1)C ncy − 50 ILED = 10 mA Curre 11..68 TA = −40(cid:1)C Efficie 40 escent 11..24 TA = 85(cid:1)C ui 30 Q 1 − Q0.8 20 I 0.6 0.4 10 0.2 0 0 2.7 3.1 3.5 3.9 4.3 4.7 5.1 5.5 5.9 6.36.5 2.7 3.1 3.5 3.9 4.3 4.7 5.1 5.5 5.9 6.36.5 VI − Input Voltage − V VI − Input Voltage − V Figure3. Figure4. 6

TPS60230 www.ti.com SLVS516A–MAY2004–REVISEDJUNE2004 MAXIMUMOUTPUTCURRENT SWITCHINGFREQUENCY vs vs INPUTVOLTAGE FREE-AIRTEMPERATURE 0.40 1040 TA = 25(cid:1)C A VI = 3.6 V − 0.35 VLED = 3.2 V nt 1030 put Curre 00..2350 VLED = 3 V VVLELDED = = 3 .36. 4V V cy − kHz 1020 ut en m O 0.20 VLED = 3.8 V equ 1010 ximu ng Fr Ma 0.15 hi − ax) 0.10 Switc 1000 m O( 990 I 0.05 0 980 2.7 3.1 3.5 3.9 4.3 4.7 5.1 5.5 5.9 6.3 6.5 −40−30−20−10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 VI − Input Voltage − V TA − Free-Air Temperature − (cid:1)C Figure5. Figure6. D1LEDCURRENT LINETRANSIENT vs DUTYCYCLE 25 EN1 = 1, EN2 = 1, VI = 3.6 V to 4.2 V, VI = 3.6 V, ILED = 20 mA, 5 LEDs Connected, ILED max = 20 mA div ITLAE D=( D215)(cid:1) MCeasured With 1 (cid:1) Resistor, A 20 V/ m m ent − f = 1 kHz 500 VI 3.6 V urr 15 C D E L D1 10 f = 32 kHz − D(D1) A/div ILED(D1) AC LE 5 m I 1 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 100 (cid:2)s/div Duty Cycle − % Figure7. Figure8. 7

TPS60230 www.ti.com SLVS516A–MAY2004–REVISEDJUNE2004 DIMMINGRESPONSE DIMMINGRESPONSE PWM PWM v 2 V/div 0 V 2 V/di 0 V PIfL =WE D3M 2= I kn2H0to zm ,E TANA,1 5= a L2n5Ed(cid:1)D CEsN C2o, nVnI e=c 3t.e6d V,, PIfL =WE D1M =k I Hn20zto, m TEAAN ,=1 5 2a L5n(cid:1)EdCD EsN C2o, nVnI e=c 3t.e6d V,, A/div ILED(D1) A/div ILED(D1) m m 10 0 A 10 0 A 200 (cid:1)s/div 5 (cid:1)s/div Figure9. Figure10. STARTUPTIMING v di 5 V/ EN1 + EN2 0 V VOUT v di V/ 1 VI = 3.6 V, ILED = 20 mA, 5 LEDs Connected, TA = 25(cid:1)C 0 V v II di A/ m 0 0 0 A 1 20 m s/div Figure11. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OPERATION The TPS60230 uses a fractional conversion charge pump to generate a supply voltage for the integrated current sinks. These current sinks are used to ensure a constant current for each LED. Depending on the input voltage and programmed LED current, the charge pump either operates in the 1x mode or in the 1.5x mode. By switching automatically between these two modes, the circuit optimizes power conversion efficiency as well as extendsoperatingtimebyallowingthedischargeofthebatterycompletely. The charge pump can generate 125 mA of output current, so each of the 5 LED outputs can be powered with up to 25 mA of current. The maximum LED current is set by a resistor connected to the ISET pin. This resistor programsareferencecurrent,whichiscurrentmirroredtosettheLEDcurrent. 8

TPS60230 www.ti.com SLVS516A–MAY2004–REVISEDJUNE2004 DETAILED DESCRIPTION (continued) Applying a PWM signal to the EN1 pin and/or the EN2 pin controls the LED brightness. See a detailed descriptioninthesectionAnalogDimmingUsingISETPin. LED CURRENT ADJUSTMENT (ISET) A resistor programs a reference current, which is current mirrored to set the LED current. The voltage at the ISET pin depends on the status of EN1 and EN2. The current in each LED is typically 260 times the current throughtheresistoratISET. V R (cid:2) ISET (cid:1)k ISET I LED V —VoltagefromISETpin(0.2V,0.4Vor0.6V)toGND,seeTable1 ISET I —CurrentperLEDfromDxpintoGND LED k—I toDxcurrentratio SET The LED current varies linearly from 0 mA to I mA by applying a PMW signal with 0% to 100% duty cycle. LED(max) TheLEDbrightnesscanhoweveralsobecontrolledbyananalogcontrolsignalthatisfedintotheISETpin. SOFT START The TPS60230 has an internal soft start circuit to limit the inrush current during startup. This prevents possible voltage drops of the input voltage if a high impedance power source is connected to the input of the TPS60230. When the device starts up with an output voltage that is below the input voltage, the output capacitor is charged directly from the input with a current source. The output current increases linearly until the output reaches within 300 mV of the input voltage. When the programmed output current can be reached with the 1x mode, the TPS60230 terminates the soft start and begins normal operation. When the desired output current cannot be reached, the charge pump begins operation in 1.5x mode and pumps the output voltage up to the needed level toreachtheprogrammedoutputcurrent. ENABLE (EN1, EN2) TheenablepinsEN1andEN2areusedto enable the device or set it into shutdown. The TPS60230 is enabled if one of the enable pins is pulled higher than the enable trip point of 1.3 V. The device starts up by going through the soft start routine as described in the section Soft Start. Pulling both pins to GND, after a delay, programs the device to shutdown. In shutdown, the charge pump, current sources, voltage reference, oscillator, and all other functionsareturnedoffandthesupplycurrentisreducedto0.1µA. EN1 and EN2 can also be used for dimming. The logic levels at EN1 and EN2 set the minimum voltage at the current mirrors and the voltage at the ISET pin to GND. This sets the current at the LEDs to be either the full current or a fraction of the full current. See Table 1 for further details. The maximum current through the LEDs is setbyaresistorconnectedbetweenISETandGND. EN1 and EN2 can also be used for PWM dimming. The PWM signal can either be applied to EN1 or EN2, or both inputs can be tied together and the PWM signal can be applied to both pins. Depending on the configuration, the current during PWM dimming is switched between 0 mA and its maximum (EN1 and EN2 connected to the PWM signal) or between 0 mA and 1/3 of the full LED current if EN2 = 0 and EN1 is toggled. WhenEN1=0andEN2istoggled,theoutputcurrentcanbechangedbetween0mAand2/3ofthefullrange. Table1.EnableLevels ENABLELEVEL MODE LEDCURRENT EN2 EN1 0 0 SHUTDOWN 0 0 1 VISET=200mV 1/3 1 0 VISET=400mV 2/3 1 1 VISET=600mV Full 9

TPS60230 www.ti.com SLVS516A–MAY2004–REVISEDJUNE2004 UNDERVOLTAGE LOCKOUT The undervoltage lockout circuit shuts down the device when the voltage at VIN drops below a typical threshold of 2.15 V. This prevents damage to the device. The UVLO circuit allows the device to start up again after the voltageontheVINpinhasincreasedbyabout100mVabovetheUVLOlockoutthreshold. SHORT CIRCUIT AND OVERTEMPERTURE PROTECTION The current at the VOUT pin is limited typically to 250 mA. When the junction temperature exceeds 155°C, the device shuts down to protect the device from damage. After the temperature decreases to about 135°C, the devicestartsupagainifitisenabled. OVERVOLTAGE PROTECTION AT VOUT The device uses the voltage at D1 to regulate voltage at VOUT. In case D1 is not connected, an overvoltage protection circuit ensures that the output voltage at VOUT does not exceed its limits. The connection of the LEDs must be started using D1 first. For all other LEDs there is no restriction in the sequence. For example, if there areonly3LEDsused,thefirstLEDisconnected to D1 and the other two LEDs can be connected to any other of theD2toD5pins. THEORY OF OPERATION/DESIGN PROCEDURE CapacitorSelection Ceramic capacitors such as X5R or X7R are recommended to be used with the TPS60230. For the two flying capacitors C1 and C2, it is important to use low ESR capacitors to avoid unnecessary efficiency losses. Low ESR capacitors on VOUT reduce the ripple voltage on the supply of the current sources. Table 2 lists capacitor typesthathavebeentestedwiththeTPS60230. Table2.Capacitors PART VALUE VOLTAGE MANUFACTURER SIZE WEBSITE C1608X5R1A105M 1m F 10V 0603 C1608X5R1A474M 0.47m F 10V TDK 0603 www.componnent.tdk.com C2012X7R1C105M 1m F 16V 0805 LMK107BJ105MA 1m F 10V 0603 LMK107BJ474MA 0.47m F 10V TaiyoYuden 0603 www.t-yuden.com LMK212BJ105MG 1m F 10V 0805 PowerEfficiency The power conversion efficiency of the TPS60230 can be calculated by adding up the products of each LED current and voltage and dividing it by the product of the input voltage and current. With a fully charged battery where the input voltage is typically above the LED forward voltage, the charge pump operates in the 1x mode and efficiency is very high. As the battery discharges, there is a point where the current sources no longer have enough voltage overhead to maintain a constant current regulation. At that point, the charge pump switches into the 1.5x mode. The conversion efficiency is lowest at the crossover. As the battery discharges further, the efficiency again increases until at about 3.1 V where it reaches a second maximum. Below 3.1 V input voltage, themaximumcurrentperLEDislessthan25mA. PowerDissipation ThemaximumpowerdissipationinsidetheTPS60230canbecalculatedbasedonthefollowingequation: P =[(1.5×V)–V +0.4V]×I Dmax I O O The maximum power dissipation occurs when the input voltage is just low enough to operate in 1.5x mode, with aforwardvoltageofthewhiteLEDatmaximum.ThisistypicallyforV =4.2Vandaforwardvoltageof3.6V. I This needs to be lower than the maximum allowed power dissipation of the package, which can be calculated usingthefollowingequation: 10

TPS60230 www.ti.com SLVS516A–MAY2004–REVISEDJUNE2004 T (cid:1) T P (cid:2) Jmax A Dmax,package T (cid:1)ja For example, the worst case power dissipation occurs at the input voltage level where the charge pump switches from the 1x mode to the 1.5x mode. At this operating point, the supply voltage to the current sources is at its maximum and the current sources must drop the most voltage in order to maintain a regulated output current. Theworstcasepowerdissipationoccurswhenall5LEDoutputsarefullyloadedwith25mAofLEDcurrent. • With:V =4.2V,V =3.6V,I =125mA(1.5xmode) I f O • P =0.39W Dmax 11

TPS60230 www.ti.com SLVS516A–MAY2004–REVISEDJUNE2004 APPLICATION INFORMATION TYPICAL APPLICATION OF A SMART PHONE DISPLAY WITH RESISTORS CONNECTED IN PARALLEL If more than 25 mA of output current is needed, then the input pins to the current sinks can be connected in parallel as shown in the following application figure. This method can also be used to connect a LC display with onlytwoconnectionsforthewhiteLEDs. VIN VOUT VIN = 2.7 V to 6.5 V 0.47 (cid:1)F C1+ D1 1 (cid:1)F D2 C1− D3 C2+ 0.47 (cid:1)F D4 C2− D5 1 (cid:1)F EN1 ISET EN2 GND PGND Typical Smartphone Display Figure12.TypicalApplicationWithResistorsinParallel ANALOG DIMMING USING ISET PIN The ISET pin can be used to connect an analog dc signal in the range of 0 mV to 600 mV (EN1 = EN2 = 1) for analogdimmingofthewhiteLEDs.Foraninputvoltageof0VatISET,thecurrent is at its maximum, whereas at 600mV,theLEDcurrentiszero.Themaximumcurrentis: • ForEN2=EN1=1:ILED=Vset/Rset×K=0.6V/6kR×270=27mAperLED • ForEN2=1,EN0=1:ILED=Vset/Rset×K=0.4V/6kR×270=18mAperLED • ForEN2=0,EN1=1:ILED=Vset/Rset×K=0.2V/6kR×270=9mAperLED • WithEN2,EN1setto10or01,avoltageof400mVor200mVisrequiredtosettheLEDcurrenttozero. VIN VOUT 1 (cid:2)F VIN = 2.7 V C1+ to 6.5 V 0.47 (cid:2)F D1 D2 C1− D3 C2+ 0.47 (cid:2)F D4 C2− D5 1 (cid:2)F EN1 ISET EN2 6 k(cid:1) V = 0 mV to GND 600 mV PGND Figure13.AnalogDimmingConnectionsUsingISETPin TYPICAL APPLICATION USING 2 WHITE LEDs AND 6 GREEN LEDs FOR LCD BACKLIGHT AND 12

TPS60230 www.ti.com SLVS516A–MAY2004–REVISEDJUNE2004 APPLICATION INFORMATION (continued) KEYBOARD LIGHTING The TPS60230 can be used to power any kind of LED. It is also possible to mix white LEDs with color LEDs whichhavealowerforwardvoltage.TheLED with the highest forward voltage (typically the white LED) has to be connected to D1, because the output voltage of the charge pump is regulated in such a way to keep the voltage drop from D1 to GND at 400mV (with EN1 = EN2 = 1). Therefore the output voltage of the charge pump is regulatedto: V = V + V OUT D1 FLEDD1 V —OutputvoltageatVOUT OUT V —VoltagefromD1toGND(VsourceatD1pin,seeelectricalcharacteristics) D1 V —ForwardvoltageoftheLEDconnectedtoD1 FLEDD1 ResistorRgisusedtoprovidecurrentsharingbetweenthe6greenLEDs.Theuppervalueiscalculatedusing: V (cid:1) V FLEDD1 Fg R (cid:2) g I g V —ForwardvoltageofagreenLED Fg I —CurrentpergreenLED g VIN VOUT 1 (cid:2)F VIN = 2.9 V C1+ to 6.5 V 0.47 (cid:2)F D1 2 White D2 LEDs With C1− 30 mA Each D3 C2+ D4 0.47 (cid:2)F D5 1 (cid:2)F C2− 6 Green LEDs With 5 mA Each EN1 EN2 GND ISET Sets Current to 30 mA PGND 5.4 k(cid:1) Per Current Sink (With EN2 = EN1 = 1) Figure14.LEDConnectionsforLCDBacklightandKeyboardLighting PROPOSED LAND PATTERN FOR PCB PRODUCTION RefertotheapplicationnoteSLUA271fortheproposedlandpatternoftheQFNpackage. PHOTO FLASH APPLICATIONS The TPS60230 can be used to power one or more white LEDs for photo flash applications. These applications usually require a certain current for a short period of time. The photo flash is typically turned on for 100 ms to 500 ms and turned off for a longer period of time. For such applications, when the TPS60230 is not turned on continuously, the device can support an output current of 150 mA. See Figure 5 for the input voltage needed for acertainLEDforwardvoltageandLEDcurrent. 13

PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM www.ti.com 6-Feb-2020 PACKAGING INFORMATION Orderable Device Status Package Type Package Pins Package Eco Plan Lead/Ball Finish MSL Peak Temp Op Temp (°C) Device Marking Samples (1) Drawing Qty (2) (6) (3) (4/5) TPS60230RGTR ACTIVE VQFN RGT 16 3000 Green (RoHS NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR -40 to 85 BIZ & no Sb/Br) TPS60230RGTT ACTIVE VQFN RGT 16 250 Green (RoHS NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR -40 to 85 BIZ & no Sb/Br) TPS60230RGTTG4 ACTIVE VQFN RGT 16 250 Green (RoHS NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR -40 to 85 BIZ & no Sb/Br) (1) The marketing status values are defined as follows: ACTIVE: Product device recommended for new designs. LIFEBUY: TI has announced that the device will be discontinued, and a lifetime-buy period is in effect. NRND: Not recommended for new designs. Device is in production to support existing customers, but TI does not recommend using this part in a new design. PREVIEW: Device has been announced but is not in production. Samples may or may not be available. OBSOLETE: TI has discontinued the production of the device. (2) RoHS: TI defines "RoHS" to mean semiconductor products that are compliant with the current EU RoHS requirements for all 10 RoHS substances, including the requirement that RoHS substance do not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous materials. Where designed to be soldered at high temperatures, "RoHS" products are suitable for use in specified lead-free processes. TI may reference these types of products as "Pb-Free". RoHS Exempt: TI defines "RoHS Exempt" to mean products that contain lead but are compliant with EU RoHS pursuant to a specific EU RoHS exemption. Green: TI defines "Green" to mean the content of Chlorine (Cl) and Bromine (Br) based flame retardants meet JS709B low halogen requirements of <=1000ppm threshold. Antimony trioxide based flame retardants must also meet the <=1000ppm threshold requirement. (3) MSL, Peak Temp. - The Moisture Sensitivity Level rating according to the JEDEC industry standard classifications, and peak solder temperature. (4) There may be additional marking, which relates to the logo, the lot trace code information, or the environmental category on the device. (5) Multiple Device Markings will be inside parentheses. Only one Device Marking contained in parentheses and separated by a "~" will appear on a device. If a line is indented then it is a continuation of the previous line and the two combined represent the entire Device Marking for that device. (6) Lead/Ball Finish - Orderable Devices may have multiple material finish options. Finish options are separated by a vertical ruled line. Lead/Ball Finish values may wrap to two lines if the finish value exceeds the maximum column width. Important Information and Disclaimer:The information provided on this page represents TI's knowledge and belief as of the date that it is provided. TI bases its knowledge and belief on information provided by third parties, and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of such information. Efforts are underway to better integrate information from third parties. TI has taken and continues to take reasonable steps to provide representative and accurate information but may not have conducted destructive testing or chemical analysis on incoming materials and chemicals. TI and TI suppliers consider certain information to be proprietary, and thus CAS numbers and other limited information may not be available for release. Addendum-Page 1

PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM www.ti.com 6-Feb-2020 In no event shall TI's liability arising out of such information exceed the total purchase price of the TI part(s) at issue in this document sold by TI to Customer on an annual basis. Addendum-Page 2

PACKAGE MATERIALS INFORMATION www.ti.com 11-Aug-2017 TAPE AND REEL INFORMATION *Alldimensionsarenominal Device Package Package Pins SPQ Reel Reel A0 B0 K0 P1 W Pin1 Type Drawing Diameter Width (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm) Quadrant (mm) W1(mm) TPS60230RGTR VQFN RGT 16 3000 330.0 12.4 3.3 3.3 1.1 8.0 12.0 Q2 TPS60230RGTT VQFN RGT 16 250 180.0 12.4 3.3 3.3 1.1 8.0 12.0 Q2 PackMaterials-Page1

PACKAGE MATERIALS INFORMATION www.ti.com 11-Aug-2017 *Alldimensionsarenominal Device PackageType PackageDrawing Pins SPQ Length(mm) Width(mm) Height(mm) TPS60230RGTR VQFN RGT 16 3000 367.0 367.0 35.0 TPS60230RGTT VQFN RGT 16 250 210.0 185.0 35.0 PackMaterials-Page2

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PACKAGE OUTLINE RGT0016A VQFN - 1 mm max height SCALE 3.600 PLASTIC QUAD FLATPACK - NO LEAD A 3.1 B 2.9 PIN 1 INDEX AREA 3.1 2.9 1 MAX C SEATING PLANE 0.05 0.08 0.00 1.45 0.1 (0.2) TYP 5 8 EXPOSED THERMAL PAD 12X 0.5 4 9 4X 17 SYMM 1.5 1 12 0.30 16X 0.18 16 13 0.1 C A B PIN 1 ID SYMM (OPTIONAL) 0.05 0.5 16X 0.3 4219032/A 02/2017 NOTES: 1. All linear dimensions are in millimeters. Any dimensions in parenthesis are for reference only. Dimensioning and tolerancing per ASME Y14.5M. 2. This drawing is subject to change without notice. 3. The package thermal pad must be soldered to the printed circuit board for thermal and mechanical performance. 4. Reference JEDEC registration MO-220 www.ti.com

EXAMPLE BOARD LAYOUT RGT0016A VQFN - 1 mm max height PLASTIC QUAD FLATPACK - NO LEAD ( 1.45) SYMM 16 13 16X (0.6) 1 12 16X (0.24) 17 SYMM (0.475) (2.8) TYP 12X (0.5) 9 4 ( 0.2) TYP VIA 5 8 (R0.05) (0.475) TYP ALL PAD CORNERS (2.8) LAND PATTERN EXAMPLE EXPOSED METAL SHOWN SCALE:20X 0.07 MAX 0.07 MIN ALL AROUND ALL AROUND SOLDER MASK METAL OPENING EXPOSED METAL EXPOSED METAL SOLDER MASK METAL UNDER OPENING SOLDER MASK NON SOLDER MASK SOLDER MASK DEFINED DEFINED (PREFERRED) SOLDER MASK DETAILS 4219032/A 02/2017 NOTES: (continued) 5. This package is designed to be soldered to a thermal pad on the board. For more information, see Texas Instruments literature number SLUA271 (www.ti.com/lit/slua271). 6. Vias are optional depending on application, refer to device data sheet. If any vias are implemented, refer to their locations shown on this view. It is recommended that vias under paste be filled, plugged or tented. www.ti.com

EXAMPLE STENCIL DESIGN RGT0016A VQFN - 1 mm max height PLASTIC QUAD FLATPACK - NO LEAD ( 1.34) 16 13 16X (0.6) 1 12 16X (0.24) 17 SYMM (2.8) 12X (0.5) 9 4 METAL ALL AROUND 5 8 SYMM (R0.05) TYP (2.8) SOLDER PASTE EXAMPLE BASED ON 0.125 mm THICK STENCIL EXPOSED PAD 17: 86% PRINTED SOLDER COVERAGE BY AREA UNDER PACKAGE SCALE:25X 4219032/A 02/2017 NOTES: (continued) 7. Laser cutting apertures with trapezoidal walls and rounded corners may offer better paste release. IPC-7525 may have alternate design recommendations. www.ti.com

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