DAC0808 DAC0808 8-Bit D/A Converter Literature Number: SNAS539A

D May1999 A C 0 8 0 8 DAC0808 8 - 8-Bit D/A Converter B i t General Description Features D The DAC0808 is an 8-bit monolithic digital-to-analog con- n Relativeaccuracy: ±0.19%errormaximum /A verter(DAC)featuringafullscaleoutputcurrentsettlingtime n Fullscalecurrentmatch: ±1LSBtyp of 150 ns while dissipating only 33 mW with ±5V supplies. n Fastsettlingtime:150nstyp C aNpoplriecafetiroennscesinccuerrtehnetf(uIlRlEsFc)alterimoumtpinugtciusrrreenqtuiisretdypficoarllmyo±s1t n NcoomnipnavteibrtliengdigitalinputsareTTLandCMOS on v LSB of 255 I /256. Relative accuracies of better than REF n Highspeedmultiplyinginputslewrate:8mA/µs e ±0.19% assure 8-bit monotonicity and linearity while zero n Powersupplyvoltagerange: ±4.5Vto ±18V r laecvceulraocuytpfuotrcIurre‡n2t mofAl.esTshethpaonw4erµsAuppprloyvicduersre8n-tsbitofzethroe n Lowpowerconsumption:33mW @ ±5V ter REF DAC0808 is independent of bit codes, and exhibits essen- tially constant device characteristics over the entire supply voltagerange. TheDAC0808willinterfacedirectlywithpopularTTL,DTLor CMOS logic levels, and is a direct replacement for the MC1508/MC1408. For higher speed applications, see DAC0800datasheet. Block and Connection Diagrams DS005687-1 Dual-In-LinePackage DS005687-2 TopView OrderNumberDAC0808 SeeNSPackageM16AorN16A ©2001NationalSemiconductorCorporation DS005687 www.national.com

8 0 8 Block and Connection Diagrams (Continued) 0 C A D Small-OutlinePackage DS005687-13 Ordering Information ACCURACY OPERATING TEMPERATURERANGE NPACKAGE(N16A) SOPACKAGE (Note1) (M16A) 8-bit 0˚C£ T £ +75˚C DAC0808LCN MC1408P8 DAC0808LCM A Note1: Devicesmaybeorderedbyusingeitherordernumber. www.national.com 2

D Absolute Maximum Ratings A (Note 2) StorageTemperatureRange −65˚Cto+150˚C C 0 If Military/Aerospace specified devices are required, LeadTemp.(Soldering,10seconds) 8 0 pleasecontacttheNationalSemiconductorSalesOffice/ Dual-In-LinePackage(Plastic) 260˚C 8 Distributorsforavailabilityandspecifications. Dual-In-LinePackage(Ceramic) 300˚C PowerSupplyVoltage SurfaceMountPackage V +18V VaporPhase(60seconds) 215˚C CC DC V −18V Infrared(15seconds) 220˚C EE DC DigitalInputVoltage,V5–V12 −10V to+18V DC DC Operating Ratings AppliedOutputVoltage,V −11V to+18V O DC DC ReferenceCurrent,I14 5mA TemperatureRange TMIN£ TA£ TMAX ReferenceAmplifierInputs,V14,V15 VCC,VEE DAC0808 0£ TA£ +75˚C PowerDissipation(Note4) 1000mW ESDSusceptibility(Note5) TBD Electrical Characteristics (V = 5V,V = −15V ,V /R14 = 2mA,andalldigitalinputsathighlogiclevelunlessotherwisenoted.) CC EE DC REF Symbol Parameter Conditions Min Typ Max Units E RelativeAccuracy(ErrorRelative (Figure4) % r toFullScaleI ) O DAC0808LC(LM1408-8) ±0.19 % SettlingTimetoWithin1⁄2LSB TA=25˚C(Note7), 150 ns (Includest ) (Figure5) PLH t ,t PropagationDelayTime T = 25˚C,(Figure5) 30 100 ns PLH PHL A TCI OutputFullScaleCurrentDrift ±20 ppm/˚C O MSB DigitalInputLogicLevels (Figure3) V HighLevel,Logic“1” 2 V IH DC V LowLevel,Logic“0” 0.8 V IL DC MSB DigitalInputCurrent (Figure3) HighLevel V = 5V 0 0.040 mA IH LowLevel V = 0.8V −0.003 −0.8 mA IL I ReferenceInputBiasCurrent (Figure3) −1 −3 µA 15 OutputCurrentRange (Figure3) V = −5V 0 2.0 2.1 mA EE V = −15V,T = 25˚C 0 2.0 4.2 mA EE A I OutputCurrent V = 2.000V, O REF R14 = 1000W , (Figure3) 1.9 1.99 2.1 mA OutputCurrent,AllBitsLow (Figure3) 0 4 µA OutputVoltageCompliance(Note3) E £ 0.19%,T = 25˚C r A V =−5V,I =1mA −0.55,+0.4 V EE REF DC V Below−10V −5.0,+0.4 V EE DC SRI ReferenceCurrentSlewRate (Figure6) 4 8 mA/µs REF OutputCurrentPowerSupply −5V£ V £ −16.5V 0.05 2.7 µA/V EE Sensitivity PowerSupplyCurrent(AllBits (Figure3) Low) I 2.3 22 mA CC I −4.3 −13 mA EE PowerSupplyVoltageRange T = 25˚C,(Figure3) A V 4.5 5.0 5.5 V CC DC V −4.5 −15 −16.5 V EE DC PowerDissipation 3 www.national.com

8 0 8 Electrical Characteristics (Continued) 0 C A (V = 5V,V = −15V ,V /R14 = 2mA,andalldigitalinputsathighlogiclevelunlessotherwisenoted.) CC EE DC REF D Symbol Parameter Conditions Min Typ Max Units AllBitsLow V = 5V,V = −5V 33 170 mW CC EE V = 5V,V = −15V 106 305 mW CC EE AllBitsHigh V = 15V,V = −5V 90 mW CC EE V = 15V,V = −15V 160 mW CC EE Note2: AbsoluteMaximumRatingsindicatelimitsbeyondwhichdamagetothedevicemayoccur.DCandACelectricalspecificationsdonotapplywhenoperating thedevicebeyonditsspecifiedoperatingconditions. Note3: Rangecontrolisnotrequired. Note4: ThemaximumpowerdissipationmustbederatedatelevatedtemperaturesandisdictatedbyTJMAX,q JA,andtheambienttemperature,TA.Themaximum allowablepowerdissipationatanytemperatureisPD=(TJMAX−TA)/q JAorthenumbergivenintheAbsoluteMaixmumRatings,whicheverislower.Forthisdevice, TJMAX=125˚C,andthetypicaljunction-to-ambientthermalresistanceofthedual-in-lineJpackagewhentheboardmountedis100˚C/W.Forthedual-in-lineN package,thisnumberincreasesto175˚C/WandforthesmalloutlineMpackagethisnumberis100˚C/W. Note5: Humanbodymodel,100pFdischargedthrougha1.5kW resistor. Note6: Allcurrentswitchesaretestedtoguaranteeatleast50%ofratedcurrent. Note7: Allbitsswitched. Note8: Pin-outnumbersfortheDAL080Xrepresentthedual-in-linepackage.Thesmalloutlinepackagepinoutdiffersfromthedual-in-linepackage. Typical Application DS005687-23 DS005687-3 FIGURE1.+10VOutputDigitaltoAnalogConverter(Note8) Typical Performance Characteristics V = 5V, V = −15V,T = 25˚C, unless otherwise noted CC EE A LogicInputCurrentvs BitTransferCharacteristics LogicThresholdVoltagevs InputVoltage Temperature DS005687-14 DS005687-15 DS005687-16 www.national.com 4

D Typical Performance Characteristics A VCC = 5V, VEE = −15V, TA = 25˚C, unless otherwise C noted (Continued) 0 8 0 8 OutputCurrentvsOutput OutputVoltageCompliance TypicalPowerSupply Voltage(OutputVoltage vsTemperature CurrentvsTemperature Compliance) DS005687-18 DS005687-17 DS005687-19 TypicalPowerSupply TypicalPowerSupply ReferenceInput CurrentvsVEE CurrentvsVCC FrequencyResponse DS005687-20 DS005687-21 DS005687-22 Unlessotherwisespecified:R14 = R15 = 1kW ,C = 15pF,pin16toV ;R = 50W ,pin4toground. EE L CurveA:LargeSignalBandwidthMethodofFigure7,V = 2Vp-poffset1Vaboveground. REF CurveB:SmallSignalBandwidthMethodofFigure7,R = 250W ,V = 50mVp-poffset200mVaboveground. L REF CurveC:LargeandSmallSignalBandwidthMethodofFigure9(noopamp,R =50W ),R =50W ,V =2V,V =100mVp-p L S REF S centeredat0V. 5 www.national.com

8 0 8 0 DAC S005687-4 D 8) e ot N ( s e ri e S 8 0 8 0 C A D e h t of uit c r Ci nt e al v ui q E 2. E R U G FI www.national.com 6

D Test Circuits A C 0 8 0 8 DS005687-6 VIandI1applytoinputsA1–A8. Theresistortiedtopin15istotemperaturecompensatethebiascurrentandmaynotbenecessaryforallapplications. andAN=“1”ifANisathighlevel AN=“0”ifANisatlowlevel FIGURE3.NotationDefinitionsTestCircuit(Note8) DS005687-7 FIGURE4.RelativeAccuracyTestCircuit(Note8) 7 www.national.com

8 0 8 Test Circuits (Continued) 0 C A D DS005687-8 FIGURE5.TransientResponseandSettlingTime(Note8) DS005687-9 FIGURE6.ReferenceCurrentSlewRateMeasurement(Note8) DS005687-10 FIGURE7.PositiveV (Note8) REF www.national.com 8

D Test Circuits A (Continued) C 0 8 0 8 DS005687-11 FIGURE8.NegativeV (Note8) REF DS005687-12 FIGURE9.ProgrammableGainAmplifieror DigitalAttenuatorCircuit(Note8) Application Hints For bipolar reference signals, as in the multiplying mode, R15canbetiedtoanegativevoltagecorrespondingtothe minimuminputlevel.ItispossibletoeliminateR15withonly REFERENCEAMPLIFIERDRIVEANDCOMPENSATION asmallsacrificeinaccuracyandtemperaturedrift. The reference amplifier provides a voltage at pin 14 for The compensation capacitor value must be increased with converting the reference voltage to a current, and a increasesinR14tomaintainproperphasemargin;forR14 turn-around circuit or current mirror for feeding the ladder. valuesof1,2.5and5kW ,minimumcapacitorvaluesare15, Thereferenceamplifierinputcurrrent,I ,mustalwaysflow 14 37 and 75 pF. The capacitor may be tied to either V or into pin 14, regardless of the set-up method or reference EE ground,butusingV increasesnegativesupplyrejection. voltagepolarity. EE A negative reference voltage may be used if R14 is Connections for a positive voltage are shown in Figure7. grounded and the reference voltage is applied to R15 as The reference voltage source supplies the full current I . 14 shown in Figure8. A high input impedance is the main 9 www.national.com

8 0 8 Application Hints (Continued) der.Thereferencecurrentmaydriftwithtemperature,caus- 0 C ing a change in the absolute accuracy of output current. A advantageofthismethod.Compensationinvolvesacapaci- However,theDAC0808hasaverylowfull-scalecurrentdrift D tor to V on pin 16, using the values of the previous withtemperature. EE paragraph.Thenegativereferencevoltagemustbeatleast The DAC0808 series is guaranteed accurate to within ±1⁄2 4V above the VEE supply. Bipolar input signals may be LSB at a full-scale output current of 1.992 mA. This corre- handled by connecting R14 to a positive reference voltage sponds to a reference amplifier output current drive to the equaltothepeakpositiveinputlevelatpin15. laddernetworkof2mA,withthelossof1LSB(8µA)which WhenaDCreferencevoltageisused,capacitivebypassto istheladderremaindershuntedtoground.Theinputcurrent groundisrecommended.The5Vlogicsupplyisnotrecom- topin14hasaguaranteedvalueofbetween1.9and2.1mA, mendedasareferencevoltage.Ifawellregulated5Vsupply allowingsomemismatchintheNPNcurrentsourcepair.The whichdriveslogicistobeusedasthereference,R14should accuracy test circuit is shown in Figure4. The 12-bit con- bedecoupledbyconnectingitto5Vthroughanotherresistor verter is calibrated for a full-scale output current of 1.992 andbypassingthejunctionofthe2resistorswith0.1µFto mA.ThisisanoptionalstepsincetheDAC0808accuracyis ground. For reference voltages greater than 5V, a clamp essentially the same between 1.5 and 2.5 mA. Then the diodeisrecommendedbetweenpin14andground. DAC0808 circuits’full-scale current is trimmed to the same Ifpin14isdrivenbyahighimpedancesuchasatransistor value with R14 so that a zero value appears at the error current source, none of the above compensation methods amplifieroutput.Thecounterisactivatedandtheerrorband apply and the amplifier must be heavily compensated, de- maybedisplayedonanoscilloscope,detectedbycompara- creasingtheoverallbandwidth. tors,orstoredinapeakdetector. Two8-bitD-to-Aconvertersmaynotbeusedtoconstructa OUTPUTVOLTAGERANGE 16-bit accuracy D-to-Aconverter. 16-bit accuracy implies a Thevoltageonpin4isrestrictedtoarangeof−0.55to0.4V totalerrorof±1⁄2ofonepartin65,536or±0.00076%,which when V = −5V due to the current switching methods ismuchmoreaccuratethanthe ±0.019%specificationpro- EE employedintheDAC0808. videdbytheDAC0808. ThenegativeoutputvoltagecomplianceoftheDAC0808is MULTIPLYINGACCURACY extendedto−5Vwherethenegativesupplyvoltageismore negative than −10V. Using a full-scale current of 1.992 mA The DAC0808 may be used in the multiplying mode with and load resistor of 2.5 kW between pin 4 and ground will 8-bit accuracy when the reference current is varied over a yieldavoltageoutputof256levelsbetween0and−4.980V. range of 256:1. If the reference current in the multiplying Floatingpin1doesnotaffecttheconverterspeedorpower mode ranges from 16 µA to 4 mA, the additional error dissipation. However, the value of the load resistor deter- contributions are less than 1.6 µA. This is well within 8-bit mines the switching time due to increased voltage swing. accuracywhenreferredtofull-scale. Values of R up to 500W do not significantly affect perfor- Amonotonicconverterisonewhichsuppliesanincreasein L mance,buta2.5kW loadincreasesworst-casesettlingtime currentforeachincrementinthebinaryword.Typically,the to 1.2 µs (when all bits are switched ON). Refer to the DAC0808 is monotonic for all values of reference current subsequenttextsectiononSettlingTimeformoredetailson above0.5mA.Therecommendedrangeforoperationwitha outputloading. DCreferencecurrentis0.5to4mA. OUTPUTCURRENTRANGE SETTLINGTIME Theoutputcurrentmaximumratingof4.2mAmaybeused Theworst-caseswitchingconditionoccurswhenallbitsare only for negative supply voltages more negative than −8V, switched ON, which corresponds to a low-to-high transition duetotheincreasedvoltagedropacrosstheresistorsinthe forallbits.Thistimeistypically150nsforsettlingtowithin referencecurrentamplifier. ±1⁄2LSB,for8-bitaccuracy,and100nsto1⁄2LSBfor7and 6-bitaccuracy.TheturnOFFistypicallyunder100ns.These ACCURACY timesapplywhenR £ 500W andC £ 25pF. L O Absolute accuracy is the measure of each output current Extracaremustbetakeninboardlayoutsincethisisusually level with respect to its intended value, and is dependent thedominantfactorinsatisfactorytestresultswhenmeasur- upon relative accuracy and full-scale current drift. Relative ing settling time. Short leads, 100 µF supply bypassing for accuracy is the measure of each output current level as a low frequencies, and minimum scope lead length are all fractionofthefull-scalecurrent.Therelativeaccuracyofthe mandatory. DAC0808isessentiallyconstantwithtemperatureduetothe excellenttemperaturetrackingofthemonolithicresistorlad- www.national.com 10

D Physical Dimensions A inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted C 0 8 0 8 SmallOutlinePackage OrderNumberDAC0808LCM NSPackageNumberM16A Dual-In-LinePackage OrderNumberDAC0808 NSPackageNumberN16A 11 www.national.com

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